Executive Summary
3-Sentence Investment Thesis
CapitaLand India Trust is a well-managed Singapore-listed business trust owning SGD 3.8 billion of IT parks, industrial facilities, and data centres across India's top-tier cities, riding the structural tailwind of India's booming GCC/IT office market and data centre demand. With FY2025 DPU growing 15% YoY to 7.87 Singapore cents, a 6.25% yield, and trading at 0.91x P/NAV, CLINT offers attractive income with visible growth from a SGD 991M committed pipeline. However, the REIT structure necessitates constant capital raising, INR/SGD currency depreciation is a persistent headwind, and 39.6% gearing leaves limited debt capacity for its capital-intensive data centre ambitions.
Key Metrics Dashboard
| Metric | Value | Assessment |
|---|---|---|
| Price / NAV | 0.91x | Slight discount to book |
| P/E (TTM) | 5.25x | Misleading (includes fair value gains) |
| Forward P/E | 11.49x | More reflective of recurring earnings |
| Dividend Yield | 6.25% | Attractive, well-covered |
| DPU Growth (FY25) | +15% YoY | Strong, best in several years |
| Gearing | 39.6% | Moderate, SGD 967M headroom to 50% |
| ICR | 2.7x | Adequate but not strong |
| Cost of Debt | 5.6% | Declining (was 5.8%) |
| Occupancy | 91% | Good; room for improvement |
| WALE | 3.4 years | Moderate |
| Rental Reversion | +21% TTM | Very strong |
| ROE | 16.8% | Good (includes revaluations) |
| NAV per Unit | SGD 1.38 | Growing at ~10% CAGR over 10 years |
Decision: WAIT - Accumulate below SGD 1.10
Phase 0: Business Understanding
What Does CLINT Own?
CapitaLand India Trust is a Singapore-listed business trust that owns, develops, and manages commercial real estate in India. As at 31 December 2025, its portfolio comprises:
IT Parks (77% of valuation):
- 8 IT business parks across Bangalore (ITPB), Chennai (ITPC), Hyderabad (ITPH, aVance), Pune (ITPP-H, aVance I & II), and Mumbai (Building Q1 & Q2)
- 21.7 million sq ft completed floor area
- Anchor tenants: TCS (11%), Applied Materials (8%), Infosys (5%), Amazon (3%)
Data Centres (20% of valuation):
- 4 data centre developments: Navi Mumbai (Tower 1 operational, Tower 2 in construction), Hyderabad (ITPH), Chennai, and ITPB
- Total gross power capacity: ~200 MW
- Fully leased to a leading global hyperscaler (long-term agreement)
- Enterprise value of DC portfolio: SGD 738M (divested 20.2% stake in Dec 2025)
Industrial & Logistics (3% of valuation):
- 3 industrial facilities at Mahindra World City, Chennai
- 1 logistics park in Navi Mumbai
How Does CLINT Make Money?
- Rental income from IT parks (base rent + operations/maintenance income)
- FY2025 total property income: SGD 294.4M (+6% YoY)
- FY2025 net property income: SGD 224.9M (+9% YoY), NPI margin 76.4%
- Distributes 90% of distributable income (retains 10% for growth)
- DPU: 7.87 Singapore cents (FY2025), growing at 4% CAGR (SGD) over 10 years
Business Trust Structure
CLINT is structured as a business trust, not a REIT, giving it flexibility to develop properties and take on development risk. However, it voluntarily adopted REIT restrictions:
- Gearing capped at 50%
- Distributes at least 90% of distributable income
- Semi-annual distributions (June and December periods)
Phase 1: Risk Analysis (Inversion - What Could Go Wrong?)
Risk Register
| # | Risk Event | Probability | Severity | Expected Loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | INR/SGD depreciation erodes DPU | 70% | -15% | -10.5% |
| 2 | India office demand slowdown (GCC pullback) | 20% | -30% | -6.0% |
| 3 | Data centre cost overruns / delays | 25% | -20% | -5.0% |
| 4 | Rising interest rates increase cost of debt | 30% | -15% | -4.5% |
| 5 | Tenant concentration risk (TCS 11%) | 10% | -20% | -2.0% |
| 6 | Gearing breach / forced equity raising at discount | 15% | -25% | -3.75% |
| 7 | Regulatory/tax changes in India | 15% | -15% | -2.25% |
| 8 | CapitaLand sponsor conflict of interest | 10% | -15% | -1.5% |
| 9 | Competition from new IT park supply | 30% | -10% | -3.0% |
| 10 | Macroeconomic shock (global recession) | 15% | -35% | -5.25% |
Total Expected Downside: -43.75% (not additive; scenarios overlap)
Deep Dive on Top Risks
1. INR/SGD Currency Risk (Highest Probability) This is CLINT's most persistent risk. The INR depreciated ~6% vs SGD in FY2025 alone (average rate moved from 62.5 to 66.1). Over 5 years, SGD has appreciated from ~53 INR to ~70 INR - a cumulative ~32% depreciation. This directly erodes DPU when converted from INR to SGD. CLINT's INR DPU grew 22% in FY2025, but SGD DPU grew only 15% due to currency. The trust uses cross-currency swaps and forward contracts (hedges 50-75% of income), but this is an ongoing drag. The strategy to onshore debt (currently 16%, targeting 40-50%) helps create a natural hedge.
2. Data Centre Execution Risk CLINT has committed ~SGD 1.0B to data centre development (4 facilities, ~200 MW). This is a massive bet for a SGD 1.7B market cap trust. While the hyperscaler lease provides revenue certainty, construction cost overruns, power infrastructure challenges, and technology obsolescence are real risks. The partial divestment of 20.2% stake to CapitaLand India Data Centre Fund at a 13.7% premium to valuation is a positive signal but also highlights the capital intensity.
3. India Office Market Cyclicality India's office market hit record absorption of 78-83M sq ft in 2025 for the third consecutive year. This is cyclically strong. The risk is mean reversion - GCC expansion could slow if global corporates retrench, AI displaces some IT services jobs, or India's cost advantage narrows. Vacancy rates fell to 10.8% nationally, but Pune (where CLINT has significant exposure) saw vacancies rise 4.6% due to new supply.
4. Gearing and Capital Structure At 39.6% gearing with SGD 967M headroom to the 50% limit, CLINT has reasonable but not abundant debt capacity. The ICR of 2.7x is adequate but would drop to 2.4x with either a 10% EBITDA decline or 100bps rate increase. The trust recently issued SGD 100M perpetual securities, which dilute returns to ordinary unitholders. Cost of debt at 5.6% is declining but still high relative to cap rates (8.0-8.5%).
Phase 2: Financial Analysis
Revenue and Income Growth
| Year | Revenue (SGD M) | NPI (SGD M) | NPI Margin | DPU (S cents) | DPU Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | 192.7 | - | - | 8.19 | - |
| FY2022 | 210.6 | - | - | 8.15 | -0.5% |
| FY2023 | 234.1 | 179.6 | 76.7% | 6.45 | -20.9% |
| FY2024 | 277.9 | 205.6 | 74.0% | 6.84 | +6.0% |
| FY2025 | 294.4 | 224.9 | 76.4% | 7.87 | +15.1% |
Note: FY2021-2022 DPU was higher due to one-off items and different unit counts. Underlying operational DPU has been growing consistently.
Revenue CAGR (5-year, FY2020-FY2025): ~9% NPI CAGR (3-year, FY2023-FY2025): ~12%
Balance Sheet Strength
| Metric | FY2025 | FY2024 | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets | SGD 4.66B | SGD 4.48B | Growing via development |
| Investment Properties | SGD 3.05B | SGD 3.55B | Reclassified to held-for-sale |
| Total Debt | SGD 1.63B | SGD 1.76B | Reduced slightly |
| Cash | SGD 142M | SGD 135M | Adequate liquidity |
| Net Assets to Unitholders | SGD 1.87B | SGD 1.86B | Stable |
| NAV per Unit | SGD 1.38 | SGD 1.38 | Stable in SGD |
| Gearing | 39.6% | 38.5% | Slight increase |
| Perpetual Securities | SGD 101M | 0 | New issuance |
Key Balance Sheet Observations:
- Debt maturity is well-spread: SGD 318M in FY2026, SGD 405M in FY2027, average 2.5 years
- 72.6% of borrowings on fixed rates (good in rising rate environment)
- 84% unsecured borrowings (provides flexibility)
- SGD 791M assets held for sale (data centre partial divestment)
Cash Flow Analysis
| Metric | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Cash Flow | SGD 139.8M | SGD 171.1M | SGD 245.0M |
| CapEx | SGD (192.6M) | SGD (203.7M) | SGD (132.6M) |
| Distributions Paid | SGD (96.9M) | SGD (90.2M) | SGD (89.7M) |
| Net Debt Issued | SGD 129.3M | SGD 373.6M | SGD 123.8M |
Critical observation: CLINT's distributions EXCEED free cash flow (OCF - CapEx). In FY2025, OCF was SGD 139.8M, CapEx was SGD 192.6M, meaning the trust is spending more on development than it generates from operations. Distributions of SGD 96.9M are funded partly by borrowings and capital recycling. This is common for growth REITs but means the yield is not fully self-funding - the trust relies on debt and capital market access.
Valuation Analysis
1. Price/NAV Approach (Primary for REITs)
- NAV per unit: SGD 1.38
- Current price: SGD 1.26
- P/NAV: 0.91x (9% discount)
- This suggests mild undervaluation relative to book value
2. Yield-Based Valuation
- FY2025 DPU: 7.87 cents
- At 6.25% yield (current): Price = SGD 1.26
- At 5.5% yield (fair for quality REIT): Price = SGD 1.43
- At 7.0% yield (margin of safety): Price = SGD 1.12
3. Distribution Growth Model
- FY2025 DPU: 7.87 cents
- Assumed growth: 5% per annum (conservative vs 15% achieved)
- Required return: 9% (risk-free 3.5% + equity risk premium)
- Gordon Growth Model: 7.87 / (0.09 - 0.05) = SGD 1.97
- This overstates value as it assumes perpetual 5% growth
4. Sum-of-Parts Approach
| Segment | Valuation (SGD M) | Method |
|---|---|---|
| IT Parks | 2,903 | Independent valuation Dec 2025 |
| Industrial & Logistics | 121 | Independent valuation |
| Data Centres | 762 | Enterprise value (post-divestment CLINT share ~79.8%) |
| Total Portfolio | ~3,786 | Per financial statements |
| Less: Net Debt | (1,494) | Total debt less cash |
| Less: Perpetual Securities | (101) | At par |
| Less: Minority interests | (117) | Per balance sheet |
| Estimated NAV | ~2,074 | |
| NAV per unit (1,356M units) | SGD 1.53 | Including development value |
| Current price discount | 18% | To sum-of-parts NAV |
Fair Value Range: SGD 1.12 - 1.43
- Bear case (7% yield): SGD 1.12
- Base case (P/NAV 1.0x): SGD 1.38
- Bull case (5.5% yield): SGD 1.43
Phase 3: Moat Analysis
Moat Rating: NARROW
Sources of Competitive Advantage:
Location Quality (Moderate Moat)
- IT parks in established tech corridors (Whitefield Bangalore, HITEC City Hyderabad, Taramani Chennai)
- Freehold or long-term leasehold land in prime locations
- These locations cannot be replicated - but new supply can be built nearby
- Bangalore ITPB has 1.4M sq ft land bank for future development
Tenant Switching Costs (Moderate Moat)
- Average lease term of 6.6 years, WALE of 3.4 years
- IT companies invest heavily in fit-outs (SGD 50-100/sq ft)
- Campus-style IT parks with integrated amenities create stickiness
- +21% rental reversion demonstrates pricing power
- 307 tenants with average 59,000 sq ft each
Scale and Sponsor Advantage (Narrow Moat)
- CapitaLand Investment Limited (CLI) sponsor provides deal flow
- 21.7M sq ft portfolio is among the largest in India
- Management expertise in developing IT parks and data centres
- BBB- credit rating (Fitch) enables competitive funding
Data Centre First-Mover (Emerging)
- Early entrant in India DC market with 200 MW under development
- Long-term hyperscaler lease provides revenue certainty
- But limited track record and heavy competition from global DC operators
Moat Durability: 10-15 years for IT parks, uncertain for data centres
The moat is narrow because:
- IT park space is ultimately a commodity (quality office space)
- India has abundant land and construction capacity
- Vacancy rates can swing with economic cycles
- Currency translation eliminates some competitive advantages for SGD investors
Phase 4: Decision Synthesis
Management Assessment
CEO: Gauri Shankar Nagabhushanam (since August 2024)
- Young (46), ambitious, deep India real estate experience (23 years)
- Previously headed India Business Park operations for CapitaLand
- Too early to assess long-term capital allocation track record
- Former CEO Sanjeev Dasgupta served 10 years, remains on board
Capital Allocation: Good
- Active capital recycling (divested CyberPearl, CyberVale, partial DC divestment)
- Strategic pipeline of SGD 991M in 7.3M sq ft forward purchases
- Prudent debt onshoring strategy (16% onshore, targeting 40-50%)
- First INR bond issuance at 7.25% rated AAA by CRISIL
Key Concern: Sponsor conflict - CLI is both sponsor and controller. Related-party transactions (forward purchases, DC divestment to CLI fund) need scrutiny.
Position Sizing
Given the NARROW moat, currency risk, and growth REIT structure:
- Maximum allocation: 3-4% of portfolio
- Not suitable for core holding due to currency/country risk
Entry Prices
| Level | Price (SGD) | Implied Yield | P/NAV | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong Buy | 0.95 | 8.3% | 0.69x | 30% margin of safety |
| Accumulate | 1.10 | 7.2% | 0.80x | 20% margin of safety |
| Current | 1.26 | 6.25% | 0.91x | Fair but no margin of safety |
| Sell | 1.55 | 5.1% | 1.12x | Premium to NAV |
Monitoring Triggers
| Metric | Green | Yellow | Red |
|---|---|---|---|
| Occupancy | >93% | 88-93% | <88% |
| Gearing | <40% | 40-45% | >45% |
| ICR | >3.0x | 2.5-3.0x | <2.5x |
| DPU Growth | >5% | 0-5% | Negative |
| Rental Reversion | >10% | 0-10% | Negative |
| INR/SGD Rate | <65 | 65-75 | >75 |
Catalysts
Positive:
- Data centre completion and revenue recognition (2026-2027)
- Further rental reversions (+21% TTM suggests strong market)
- India GDP growth driving GCC expansion
- Onshoring debt improving post-tax returns
- Potential STI Index inclusion as market cap grows
Negative:
- INR depreciation exceeding hedging capacity
- Global tech recession reducing GCC demand
- Rising interest rates compressing yield spreads
- Dilutive equity raising for pipeline funding
Final Verdict
Recommendation: WAIT
CapitaLand India Trust is a quality vehicle for India office/data centre exposure with strong operational momentum (DPU +15%, rental reversion +21%, pipeline of 7.3M sq ft). The 6.25% yield is attractive but not compelling given the currency risk, gearing concerns, and data centre execution risk.
At SGD 1.26 (P/NAV 0.91x), the stock is reasonably valued but offers insufficient margin of safety for a business trust with structural currency headwinds and capital-intensive growth plans. The dividend is not fully covered by free cash flow, relying on capital recycling and borrowings.
Action: Place on watchlist. Accumulate below SGD 1.10 (7.2% yield, 0.80x P/NAV) for a 3-4% portfolio position. The structural growth story in India IT/DC is compelling, but price discipline is essential.
Quality Grade: B+ Tier: T3 Adaptable (Quality business, but currency/structural risks prevent higher tier)